By Tony Duff
This is often Lotsawa Tony’s magnum opus. He began writing it within the past due 1990’s and has been letting it mature on the grounds that. He has been in no hurry to post it simply because he intends it to be the normal reference for Tibetan grammar for the foreseeable destiny. the entire paintings is envisaged as a sequence of volumes. For the opposite volumes, see below.
Although there are various books to be had on Tibetan grammar, them all come from a Western strategy and never one among them indicates the particular which means of Tibetan grammar as understood via Tibetans. This booklet corrects that perfectly. It bargains statement and historical past written by way of a Westerner who has studied Tibetan grammar in Tibetan sessions in a only Tibetan milieu and that with genuine translations of numerous of an important Tibetan grammar texts.
The first quantity starts off with huge old historical past, way over visible in the other Western book, and comprises decisions from a number of Tibetan historical past texts let alone the culmination of the author’s personal, huge learn through the decades that he has lived in Nepal.
The booklet keeps with an immense exposition of the lineages of grammar and the most texts used for the research of Tibetan grammar. back, none of this data has been obvious up to now in Western publications.
The publication maintains with a heritage of the 3 language revisions. This completes the prefatory sub-volumes.
The actual fabric of the e-book begins with Thumi’s first grammar treatise, the basis of Grammar in Thirty Verses. this can be the 1st authoritative translation of the textual content into English. The treatise is by way of enormous quantities of pages of rationalization that exhibit each nuance and aspect of the textual content, all written by way of the writer. This clarification incorporates a wealth of aspect that exhibits how Tibetan grammar works in its personal correct and in addition exhibits the way it can or can't be with regards to English grammar. This element of the publication is a treasure trove of data for any translator, protecting many issues of Tibetan grammar and its courting with translation into English that are crucial for any translator to know.
Included in the author’s large clarification is a really lengthy bankruptcy on pronunciation. this can be one topic that continues to be no longer being taught thoroughly even in significant courses around the globe. the reason being easily that only a few Westerners have understood all of the info curious about Tibetan pronunciation. the writer not just comprises these information yet makes use of vast quotations from the Tibetan resources to teach the way it does paintings. the 1st translation ever of a Tibetan textual content on pronunciation is integrated within the book.
Also integrated is an research of the most well liked debate in Tibetan grammar, the controversy over what percentage vowels there are within the language. the writer offers the reviews of many nice Tibetan students of the earlier together with Thumi Sambhota, Sakya Pandita, Situ Panchen, and others. the entire part in this factor taken from Situ’s very well-known nice statement on grammar has been translated and integrated. this isn't simply fascinating in its personal correct yet presents a glimpse of this well-known grammar text.
There are chapters that specify the place the nouns, verbs, adverbs, and adjectives of English grammar can and can't be present in Tibetan grammar. There are chapters which clarify punctuation and the way it really works and the place you can actually locate English punctuation or now not inside Tibetan punctuation. a protracted checklist of the various punctuation marks within the Tibetan language with causes is additionally included.
The publication comprises translations of the subsequent texts:
the foundation of Grammar, The Thirty Verses< by means of Thumi Sambhota
“The nice residing Tree”, The Essence of Thonmi’s tremendous clarification The Thirty via Yangchen Drubpay Dorje
“The high-quality rationalization nice residing Tree”, The Clarifier of the that means of The Essence of “The Thirty” by means of Yangchen Drubpay Dorje
“Supreme professional Situ’s Words”, a radical rationalization of the Grammar Shastras of the Language of the Snowy Land, The Thirty and alertness of Gender symptoms by means of Ngulchu Dharmabhadra (PART I concerning the Thirty Verses only)
The Essence of the based “Thorough Explanation”, The Literal element of the Snowy Land’s Grammar Shastras, The Thirty and alertness of Gender indicators by way of Khenpo Ngedon Jamyang (PART I concerning the Thirty Verses only)
“A appealing String of Pearls to embellish the Necks of the Wise”, an intensive clarification of the explicit Texts The Thirty and alertness of Gender indicators of the Shastras that Authentically Set Forth the indicators of the Snowy Land through Situ Chokyi Jungney (Section on vowel definitions only)
a brand new Bud of the tale of ways The creation Places, manufacturers, And Efforts of Tibetan Letters Are pointed out by means of Yangchen Drubpay Dorje (a textual content at the Tibetan method of pronunciation)
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Extra info for Standard Tibetan Grammar Volume I: The Thirty Verses of Minister Thumi
Example text
The commonly-heard story is like that just given, that the king found sixteen young men of good intellect, all sons of his ministers including the son of his learned minister Anu, and sent them to India. The more detailed story13 is that the king initially chose and despatched sixteen, sharp young men, all sons of his ministers but not including the son of Anu. However, every one of them failed, for one reason or another, to reach India. When the King heard of this failure, he searched for a young man of sharp intellect and exceptional determination.
The debate mentioned in this section is not a debate about whether a new language was invented from the ground up. Everyone agrees that the Tibetan language that came about due to Thumi was a new creation in the sense that a new, fullyliterate Tibetan language was created by adding a new writing system and grammar to an existing, spoken language. However, there is a question about whether the ancient lettering systems from Western lands were actually in use in Tibet prior to Thumi’s invention and whether they were repaired with reference to Indian letters to make a new, usable lettering system or whether an entirely new lettering system was invented based on Indian lettering systems.
ROOTS OF THE TIBETAN LANGUAGE 25 It seems clear that there were letters of the Western lands in Tibet at the time we are talking about. However, it is also clear that these were not sufficiently useful that they themselves could be used as a basis for a standard, Tibetan lettering system. Thus Thumi was sent to India, studied, returned and created a new Tibetan lettering set based on those studies. That lettering set was designed with the specific need that it could be used for translation of Indian Buddhist literature, not of religious literature from Zhang Zhung.