By Hans-J????rg Schmid
There's an expanding understanding in linguistics that linguistic styles could be defined with recourse to normal cognitive strategies. The contributions accumulated during this quantity pursue this type of usage-based cognitive linguistic technique by way of providing empirical investigations of lexical and grammatical styles and probing into their implications for the kinfolk among language constitution, use and cognition.
content material: creation / Hans-Jörg Schmid and Susanne Handl --
half I. Lexical styles: A computational version of the ambiguity-vagueness spectrum / George Dunbar --
Questions of lifestyles and dying: Denotational boundary disputes / Olaf Jäkel --
Breakthroughs and mess ups: The politics and ethics of metaphor use within the media / Brigitte Nerlich --
Synonymy, lexical fields, and grammatical buildings: A learn in usage-based cognitive semantics / Dylan Glynn --
Collocation, anchoring, and the psychological lexicon: an ontogenetic standpoint / Susanne Handl and Eva-Maria Graf --
half II. Grammatical styles: The suggest lean grammar computing device meets the human brain: Empirical investigations of the psychological prestige of linguistic principles / Ewa Dabrowska --
Motivating grammatical and conceptual gender contract in German / Klaus-Michael Köpcke, Klaus-Uwe Panther and David A. Zubin --
Computed or entrenched? The French imparfait de politesse / Ulrich Detges --
Valency structures and clause structures or how, if in any respect, valency grammarians may sneeze the froth off the cappuccino / Thomas Herbst --
What precisely is the question-assertion contrast in line with? An exploration in experimental speech act conception / Patric Bach and Dietmar Zaefferer.
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Additional info for Cognitive foundations of linguistic usage patterns
Example text
Rau’s question, which other date could provide a better entrance boundary (13b), points to the central challenge for any contestants opposed to the conservative model. And though the German Federal President thoughtfully contin- 48 Olaf Jäkel ues with more questions (13c), these are merely rhetorical, as the speaker clearly indicates his opinion that any other such boundary would indeed be arbitrary. One prominent answer to the Federal President’s challenging questions comes from Prof. Dr. Hubert Markl, President of the Max-Planck-Society, in an address to the Society’s 52nd General Assembly given on June 22, 2001 (Die Zeit – Dokument 2002: 38–43).
Provided with this background, the reader is now in a position to understand what embryonic stem cells are and where they come from. Making reference to Dr James Thompson, the pioneer of stem cell extraction at the University of Wisconsin (cf. Lacayo 2001: 30), the 40 Olaf Jäkel text explains the origin of those cells as directly from the inner cell mass of human embryos at the blastocyst stage (1g). One feature worth noting in the piece of discourse in (1) is the use of referring expressions. Although the excerpt starts with naming the topical human development (1a), the text, which deals with the individual stages of this human development, then continues with a sequence of noun phrases composed of technical terms from scientific jargon, a list that in its sum creates the effect of dehumanizing the referents at hand: a single cell (1a) – this fertilized egg (1b) – a blastocyst (1c) – the inner cell mass (1d) – these inner cell mass cells (1e).
The President of the Federal Association of Medical Doctors absolutely refuses any biotechnological construal, speaking up in favour of the conservative model of life. In this, he is seconded by Prof. Dr. Christoph Fuchs, Leading Executive of the Federal Association of Medical Doctors, who on October 8, 2001, was a panellist in a public hearing on embryonic stem cell research in Hamburg (Hamburger Abendblatt 09/10/2001). The following excerpt (16) gives his central contribution: (16) a. Wann beginnt schützenswertes menschliches Leben?