By Paul J. H. Schoemaker
The foremost clinical discoveries of the twenty first century will emerge from the biosciences. those discoveries will impression our lives in methods we will be able to purely now start to think. during this ebook, of the field's top specialists aid us think these affects. Paul and Joyce A. Schoemaker travel the extraordinary box of biosciences because it stands this day, and preview the instructions and strategies which are probably to emerge within the coming years. they provide a transparent, non-technical review of the most important present advancements which are more likely to have huge, immense impression, and deal with concerns starting from elevated human durability to international warming, bio-warfare to personalised drugs. alongside the way in which, they light up all the interesting applied sciences and hot-button concerns linked to modern biotechnology - together with stem cells, cloning, probiotics, DNA microarrays, proteomics, gene treatment, and an entire lot extra. The Schoemakers determine rising financial, political, and technical drivers and hindrances which are prone to powerfully effect the best way the biosciences development. Then, drawing on Paul Schoemaker's unsurpassed adventure supporting worldwide firms arrange for the longer term, the authors caricature a number of long term situations for the biosciences - and show how they are going to influence your well-being, family members, profession, society, even the Earth itself.
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Extra resources for Chips, Clones, and Living Beyond 100: How Far Will the Biosciences Take Us?
Example text
These procedures made it possible to isolate a gene of interest (for example, the gene for insulin) from a human cell, attach it to a plasmid, and produce thousands to millions of copies of the gene in tiny bacterial factories—a feat that humans had never performed before. See Appendix B for details. Biotechnology Scientists recognized the enormous promise of recombinant DNA techniques for yielding large quantities of scarce proteins for scientific study. And entrepreneurs, venture capitalists, and others in the business world saw the enormous potential of producing medically important proteins for therapeutic use in humans.
A. Freedman, D. M. Strobino, E. J. Sondik, Pediatrics, no. 6 (2000): 1307–1317. Com 34 Chips, Clones, and Living Beyond 100 The Top Ten Causes of Death, World Health Organization: Fact Sheet No. 310 (November 2008). 6 The term vaccination for the procedure and the term vaccine for the material injected were named after vacca, the Latin term for a cow. 7 8 Gerald Karp, Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2008). 1). 9 Cloning also refers to making copies of cells or whole organisms such as animals and plants.
Initially, studies focused on diseases caused by mutations in a single gene. Researchers analyzed multiple generations of families with a high incidence of the disease, and then scanned their genomes for regions showing similarities. That DNA region was then isolated so that researchers could pinpoint the exact mutation responsible for the disease. Such family studies led to the discovery of the gene mutations responsible for diseases such as Huntington’s, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and cystic fibrosis, among many others.